Lathe for profiling hollow bodies



Sept. 25, 1945. o. VON ZELE WSKY ETAL LATHE FOR PROFILING HOLLOW BODIES Filed Feb. 4, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet l Sept. 25, .1945. o. VON ZELEWSKY ET AL 2,335,430

LATHE'FOR PROFILING HOLLOW BODIES Filed Feb. 4, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 w w v gm 9 d r 9 5 a 7 z fiw a J Z Ir mm .m 3 5- 5 x W a u WHIWWHMIIQ Q W/7 a y mL MVm P i M A p 1945. o. VON ZELEWSKY ETAL 2,385,430

LATHE FOR PROFILING HOLLOW BODIES Filed Feb. 4, 1945 5 SheetsSheet s P 1945- o. VON zELEwsK ET AL 2,385,430

LATHE FOR PROFILING HOLLOW BODIES Filed Feb. 4, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 [aye/Zion;

P o. VON ZELEWSKY ET AL 3 LATHE FOR PROFILING HOLLOW BODIES 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Feb. 4, 1945 Patented Sept. 25, 1945 LATHE FOR PROFILING HOLLOW BODIES Ottomar von Zelewsky, .Neuhausen, and Karl Kiinzi, Schaflhausen, Switzerland, assignors to Aktiengesellschai't der Eisenund Stahlwerke vormals Georg Fischer, Schafi'hausen, Switzerland Application February 4, 1943, Serial No. 474,714 In Switzerland November 15, 1941 1 Claim.

Lathes for profiling the interior of hollow bodies are known in which a tool holder is used which is guided on both sides of the blank and is longitudinally displaceable along guides. In these" known constructions the control of the cross travel is obtained by designing the guides of the tool holder as cross slides movable transversely to the axis of the lathe, said movement being controlled by suitable means.

In one of the known lathes the tool holder is mounted with a spherical seat in the slides the cross movements of the latter being controlled by guide curves (templates) displaceable in the longitudinal direction. The templates are coupled with a bed slide provided on the machine frame which moreover is connected to the tool holder by means of an articulated joint. Owing to this articulated connection between bed slide and tool holder the longitudinal movements of the tool holder and of the templates, which control the two cross slides, do not exactly correspond with each other. so that in producing the templates according to the working drawing of the blank to be machined a correction ha to be made which is undesirable and causes considerable additional costs. A further disadvantage of this construction consists in the fact that the tool holder is subjected to bending stresses in the positions of the cross slides in which the articulated rod connecting the tool holder to the bed slide forms an angle with the latter. The spherical mounting ot the tool holder enhances its deflection under the working pressure of the turning tool.

In another known machine the cross-movement of the slide carrying the tool holder is effected by means of members to which a swinging movement is imparted by suitable means. Furthermore a straight edge is provided for the purpose of varying the stroke of the swinging movement and thereby the extent of the cross-movement of the slides. Also in these constructions the tool holder rests with a spherical seat in the slides.

Further it is known to use a cantilevered tool holder rigidly clamped to the support. The cantilevered tool holder is rigidly clamped on. a cross-slide which is carried by a bed slide guided on the machine frame, a longitudinal movement being imparted to said bed slide by suitable means. The movements of the cross slide are controlled by means of a controlling device consisting of a template and of a feeler, one of these parts being arranged on the cross slide and the other on the machine frame. The cantilevered mounting of the tool holder permits only a short length of machining of blanks of small diameters owing in oscillations of the tool holder occurring at greater lengths.

The present invention has reference to a lathe for profiling the interior of hollow-bodies, in which the tool holder is guided at both sides of the blank and is longitudinally displaceable in guides. According to the invention a template is provided to control the relative movement between tool holder and blank.

A cross slide controlled by the template may.

the template corresponds exactly to the profile oi the blank to be produced, so that its manufacture is simplified.

The template which is fixed to a slide carrying out a longitudinal movement and connected to the tool holder may control the movements otthe cross slide which carries the rotating blank.

The interior profile oi' the hollow body is produced by the cooperation oi the longitudinal movement or the tool holder and the cross movement or the blank. The mutual dependency of the longitudinal and the cross movements is warranted by the copying device, as one part of the latter is connected with the longitudinally movable tool holder and the other part with the transversely movable slide for the blank.

Several constructional examples or lathe. ac-

cording to me invention are illustrated on the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a machine partly in front elevation and partly in section;

Fig. 2 is an end view of the machine with shown in section.

Fig. 3 shows a second constructional example or the machine in front elevation and partly in section; I

Fig. 4 shows a third constructional example in the same manner;

Fig. 5 shows a fourth constructional example in the same manner;

Fig. 6 is a side view of the lathe shown in Fig. 5;

Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate a fifth constructional example in front elevation and side view respectively and Figs. 9 and 10 a sixth constructional example in front elevation and side view respectively.

Referring now to the drawingsl (Figs. 1 and 2) denotes the machine frame on which the vertically arranged cross slide 2 is guided. On its upper side the cross slide 2 carries guides 4 for the tool holder 3 which' are arranged at either side of the blank 5. The blank 5 is fixed in the chuck 6 turnably arranged on the machine frame I and driven by an electric motor I. The cross slide 2 carries a longitudinal slide 8 the upwardly extending arm 9 of which is coupled with the tool holder 3. A worm gear l provided on the longitudinal slide 8 is driven by an electric motor II. To the shaft of the worm wheel a pinion I2 is fixed meshing with a toothed rack l3 fixed to the cross slide 2. The longitudinal slide 8 carries an exchangeable template l4 with the curved slot IS with which a feeler l6 cooperates. A longitudinal displacement of the longitudinal slide 8 causes by the cooperation of the template l4 and the feeler IS a movement of the cross slide 2 in the transverse direction. The guides 4 and the tool holder 3 take part in this transverse movement and the tool holder 3 moreover partakes in the longitudinal movements of the slide 3. The tool I1 fixed to the tool holder 3 carries out. a movement which is determined by the shape of the slot I 01' the template l4.

In the constructional example of the lathe illustrated in Fig. 3 8 denotes a cross slide, adapted to be vertically displaceable on the machine frame, and which supports guides for the tool holder 2|. 22 designates the blank fixed in the chuck 23. The chuck 23 is turnably mounted in the machine frame 19 and is rotated by an electric motor 24. The tool 25 is fixed in the tool holder 2| which is secured against rotation. One end of the tool holder 2| is shaped as a toothed rack 26. A pinion 21 cooperates with the rack 26 and is fixed to the shaft of a worm wheel 26. The latter is driven by a worm 29 which in its turn is driven by an electric motor 24 through the intermediary of a telescoping shaft 38 having universal joints. A change speed gear box 3| is arranged in front of the worm gear 29, 29 in order to vary the speed of the longitudinal movement of the tool holder 2|. Pinion 21, worm gear 26, 29 and gear box 3| are supported by the cross slide l6. A longitudinal slide 32 is guided on the machine frame l9. An upwardly extending arm' 33 of the longitudinal slide 32 is provided with a vertical slot 34 in which the tool holder 2| is guided in the vertical direction. By means v of the collars 35 provided orvthe tool holder 2| and bearing against both sides of the arm 31 the slide 32 is caused to take part in the longitudinal movement of the tool holder. "A template 36 is fixed on the longitudinal slide 32. A feeler 31 formed as a roller and carried by the cross slide l8 bears against the template.

The constructional example illustrated in Fig. 4 shows a vertically displaceable cross slide 39 arranged on the machine frame 38 and carried by a piston 4| guided in a cylinder 48 of the machine frame. The cross slide 39 carries the guides 42 of the tool holder 43. 44 designates the blank held in the chuck 45. The latter is turnably arranged on the machine frame and is driven by an electric motor 46. One end of the tool holder 43 is formed as a toothed rack 41 with which a pinion meshes; The latter is driven by a worm gear 49 carried by the cross slide 39. Th drive of the worm gear is effected by said motor 96 by the intermediary of a telescopic shaft 69 having universal joints. A template 5| is fixed to the machine frame 38 and a feeler 52 cooperates with the template. The feeler 52 actuates a member 53 fixed to the tool holder 43 and controlling the flow of pressure liquid. The member 53 is connected by means of hoses 54 and 56 to pipes 66 and 51. The pipe 56 is connected to a tank 68 and the tube 51 is connected to the part of the cylinder 48 below the piston 4|. A pressure pump sucks liquid from the tank 68 and forces it under pressure through a conduit 69 below the piston 4| into the cylinder 40.

In the constructional example illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 6| denotes the machine frame, 62 the longitudinal slide, 63 the cross slide and 66 the motor as driving means. On the two ends of the shaft of the motor 64 belt pulleys 65 and 66 are arranged. The belt pulley 65 drives by means of the belts 61 the screw spindle 66 which displaces the longitudinalslide 62. On the latter the template 69 is fixed having a guide curve 19 which corresponds to the desired innerprofile of the blank. The arm 1| at the end of the iongitudinal slide 62 forces the tool holder 12 to follow the longitudinal movements of the template 69. The turning tool 13 is fixed in the tool holder 12. To either side of the blank 14 the bearings 15 and 16 for the tool holder 12 are arranged. The blank 14 is held in a chuck 11 and is rotated by the motor 64 i. e. by its belt pulley 66 and belt 18. The bearing 19 of the chuck 11 and of the blank 14 are carried by the cross slide 63. An arm 88 which is rigidly connected to the cross slide 63 carries a roller 8| which rolls along the guide curve 10 of the template 69. An ascending portion of the guide curve 10 causes a rising and a descending portion of the guide curve 19 a lowering of the cross slide 63 and of the blank 16. To the longitudinal movements of the tool holder 12 and to the action of the template correspond the varying bore diameters which are caused by the lifting and lowering movements of the cross slide 63.

A lathe of a similar design is shown in Figs. 7 and 8. On the machine frame 65 is mounted the longitudinal slide 86 carrying the template 81 and connected with the tool holder 68 by the arm 89, and the cross slide 90 supporting the chuck 9|. The tool holder 83 is supported at both sides of the blank 94 by means of the bearings 92 and 93. The blank 94 held in the chuck 9| is rotated with the latter by the motor 95. The latter drives through a gear 96 the gear wheel 91 which meshes with the rack 98 on the steel holder 99. In this manner longitudinal movement is imparted to the tool holder 98 during the turning. The tool holder 89, by means of arm 89 causes the longitudinal slide 86 and the template 91 fixed to the latter to partake in its movement. By means of the arm 99 supported on the cross slide 90 or the roller I00 fixed to said arm respectively the template 61 controls the movement of the cross slide 99 and thereby of the blank 94 supported by said slide.

Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate a further constructional example. The machine frame l0! serves as a support to the longitudinal slide I92 and to the vertically movable cross slide N13. The latter is carried by a hydraulic piston I04 the lifting and lowering movements of which are controlled by means of a feeler I01 cooperating with the template |05 and actuating a member 86 controlling the fiow of the pressure liquid. The motor i853 the two bearings H3 and Ill. The bearing H4 is removable to permit the actuation of the chuck II5 when clamping or releasing the blank. The turning tool I I6 is for example shown pointing in the downward direction in Fig. 9. In any of the afore described exemplifications the possibility exists to arrange the turning tool pointing upwardly by a suitable arrangement of template and feeler. The blank 1, the chuck IIS and the two bearings II8 are supported on the cross slide I03. The motor I08 imparts also rotation to the chuck H5 and the blank II'I held therein, so that the drive efiecting the longitudinal movement of the steel holder I I2 and the drive causing the rotating movement of the chuck H5 and of the blank is obtained by a driving member common to both drives. The hydraulic controlling arrangement comprises a pump H9, and the oil tank I20, a pressure conduit I 2| leading to the pressure space I22 below the piston I04 and from there to the controlling member I 06. The illustrated hydraulic controlling arrangement operates in the manner well known with pressure regulation of copying machine tools by means of a pressure relief edge actuated by the feeler I01 and permitting pressure liquid to flow into the return conduit I23 in accordance with the position of the feeler.

Any other arrangement for controlling the pressure liquid or any bther copying method working pneumatically or electrically may be employed with such lathes for profiling the interior of hollow bodies according to the invention.

In Fig. 10 I24 denotes a tension roller for compensating the variation in length of the driving means occurring when the cross slide is displaced. However the motor I08 may also be displaced by suitable means.

We claim: n

In a lathe for profiling the interior bodies, in combination, a machine frame, a cross slide guided on said machine frame, a tool holder, guide means arranged on said cross slide and adapted to guide said tool holder in the longitudinal direction, said guide means being arranged adjacent either side of a hollow body to be profiled and being fixed against pivotal movement, a controlling device comprising a template and a feeler cooperating with said template, and adapted to control the transverse movements ofsaid cross slide, and means adapted to impart longitudinal movement to the tool holder and also to impart to one of the two parts of said controlling device a movement in the longitudinal direction at the same speed as the tool holder.

OTTOMAlR VON ZELEWSKY; KARL KUNZI.

of hollow 

